Powszechna Encyklopedia Filozofii:
- Omawia podstawowe problemy filozoficzne,
- Przedstawia systemy filozoficzne powstałe na przestrzeni wieków,
- Przedstawia biogramy wielkich twóców i interpretatorów myśli filozoficznej,
- Dostarcza zasadnych i racjonalnych rozwiązań problemów filozoficznych.
In the ""Notebook on Metaphysics No IV is discussed basic concepts for understanding reality, the so-called: transcendentals: being, thing, the one, separate, truth, the good and beauty. These concepts describe properties of every being and allow to understand that not only man, but every being, animate and inanimate, is rational and purposeful. Rationality of beings manifests itself in the fact that particular things carry in their existence plan of the Creator or an artist. The finality of the world is revealed by the fact that the individual things carry on its existence a specific purpose, founded by the will of the Creator or an artist.
The world in which we live, surprises us with the richness of its diversity and complexity. The man who by nature seeks to know the surrounding things also wants to understand what it cognizes. One of the stages of ratiocinative cognition is the discovery of causal and analogical type of being of things. Causal connection as relations permeate everything and take place between things. They are not something that is before a thing, but are the result of created things. With the departure of things into existence by the artist or Creator, there also implicates various kinds of causation that is disclosed to the selection of matter, form or purpose for the created things. On the other hand, the world in which we live captivates us with its variety. Each thing is unique, different, irreducible and therefore analogous. Getting to know each item involves reading out these various kinds of causes and discovering analogical structures of the being of things.
This book from the series Notebooks in Metaphysics is addressed to all who investigate various aspects of the reality that surrounds us and want to make realistic philosophy the foundation of their knowledge about the world and man. The author provides an introduction to an understanding of the specific character of metaphysical (philosophical) knowledge and shows the first philosophical interpretations of the reality of the world and man, namely the monistic interpretation, and the dualistic interpretation, and shows the sources, consequences, and contemporary varieties of those interpretations. The book also contains classical texts, which are excerpts from the the pre-Socratics and from Plato.
Książka jest refleksją nad skutkami nihilizmu, który skaził wszystkie dziedziny ludzkiego życia: poznanie, postępowanie, wytwarzanie oraz religię. W dziedzinie poznania spowodował odrzucenie intuicji, która jest niezbędna do poznania świata realnego. W dziedzinie postępowania doprowadził do banalizacji zła i promocji przemocy. Obalił przekonania o nieśmiertelności człowieka i rozpowszechnił rozumienie śmierci jao faktu czysto biologicznego i ostatecznego kresu człowieka.
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